Francisco Ferrer Guardia (1859-1909).
Guard Ferrer's biography takes us to a turbulent period which he starred as a teacher and citizen. His political concerns lead him to the anarchist movement in Barcelona, \u200b\u200bworking as a train conductor and after a self-taught, is discovered as a teacher. His frequent trips and multiple relationships provide direct knowledge of various educational experiences.
The aim of freeing children and adults of ignorance and superstition Ferrer encourages the creation of what he called the Modern School. It aims to educate men suitable for constantly evolve, to revitalize and renew social media personally. It aims to release the individual from himself and from society. The coeducation of the sexes respond to the need to train men and women free from any bias, while the co-education of social classes can learn the value and personal dignity. His pedagogical thinking is reflected in the modern school. Posthumous explanation and scope of rationalist education (1912). Published between 1901 and 1909 the Bulletin of the Modern School, which contained numerous items of English and foreign authors. He was shot by the Conservative government of Antonio Maura.
What characterized the Modern School was being rational and scientific. Education can not be based on dogmatic prejudice, but must be guided by the development of positive science. Since the Modern School Ferrer Guardia, a value considered freedom was fundamental and its creator was willing to eliminate from it everything that implied arbitrary taxation were abolished exams, grades, rewards and punishments, considering that contributed to marked inequalities between students and foster a competitive spirit, harmful to the kind of education that was intended to foster. Its comprehensive education includes thinking, sexuality and feelings, and personality development of children, all accompanied by hygienists practice, observation of nature and freedom to experiment. Ferreiano anti-authoritarianism is reflected in the teaching, both in content and in methods. Banished from their school all knowledge that could not be proven by scientific method. In terms of methods, Ferrer, he devoted his efforts mainly to find suitable teachers to the educational company that wanted to develop. With respect to the transmission of knowledge, the thought of this teacher is "nondirective." School branches multiplied by geography Catalan and English Mediterranean societies.
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